基 礎(chǔ) 篇
第 1 章 單片機(jī)概述及實(shí)驗(yàn)條件············································································2
1.1 單片機(jī)概述 ··························································································2
1.1.1 單片機(jī)的定義、分類與內(nèi)部組成······················································2
1.1.2 單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)及工作過程···················································5
1.1.3 單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用 ··············································································6
1.2 單片機(jī)基礎(chǔ)知識 ····················································································7
1.2.1 數(shù)制與數(shù)制間的轉(zhuǎn)換·····································································7
1.2.2 單片機(jī)中數(shù)的表示方法及常用數(shù)制的對應(yīng)關(guān)系····································9
1.2.3 邏輯數(shù)據(jù)的表示 ········································································.10
1.2.4 單片機(jī)中常用的基本術(shù)語····························································.11
1.3 單片機(jī)入門的有效方法與途徑 ·······························································.12
1.4 學(xué)習(xí)單片機(jī)的基本條件 ········································································.12
1.4.1 軟件條件 ·················································································.13
1.4.2 硬件條件 ·················································································.14
習(xí)題 ·······································································································.15
第 2 章 單片機(jī)開發(fā)軟件及開發(fā)過程···································································.16
2.1 仿真軟件 Proteus 的使用·······································································.16
2.1.1 Proteus 的主要功能特點(diǎn) ······························································.16
2.1.2 實(shí)例 1：功能感受利用 Proteus 對單片機(jī)播放《渴望》主題曲進(jìn)行
仿真 ·······················································································.16
2.1.3 Proteus 軟件的界面與操作介紹 ·····················································.17
2.1.4 實(shí)例 2：Proteus 仿真設(shè)計(jì)快速入門················································.20
2.2 Keil C51 的使用··················································································.30
2.2.1 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng) ········································································.30
2.2.2 實(shí)例 3：用 Keil C51 編寫點(diǎn)亮一個(gè)發(fā)光二極管的程序 ························.30
2.3 程序燒錄器及燒錄軟件的使用 ·······························································.37
習(xí)題與實(shí)驗(yàn) ······························································································.37
第 3 章 逐步認(rèn)識單片機(jī)基本結(jié)構(gòu)······································································.39
3.1 實(shí)例 4：用單片機(jī)控制一個(gè)燈閃爍··························································.39
3.1.1 實(shí)現(xiàn)方法···················································································39
3.1.2 程序設(shè)計(jì)···················································································39
3.1.3 用 Proteus 軟件仿真 ·····································································40
3.1.4 延時(shí)程序分析·············································································42
3.2 實(shí)例 5：將 P1 口狀態(tài)送入 P0、P2 和 P3 口 ···············································43
3.2.1 實(shí)現(xiàn)方法···················································································43
3.2.2 程序設(shè)計(jì)···················································································44
3.2.3 用 Proteus 軟件仿真 ·····································································44
3.2.4 用實(shí)驗(yàn)板進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)·······································································45
3.2.5 I/O 口功能介紹···········································································45
3.2.6 I/O 口的結(jié)構(gòu)分析········································································45
3.3 實(shí)例 6：使用 P3 口流水點(diǎn)亮 8 位 LED ······················································48
3.3.1 實(shí)現(xiàn)方法···················································································48
3.3.2 程序設(shè)計(jì)···················································································49
3.3.3 用 Proteus 軟件仿真 ·····································································50
3.3.4 用實(shí)驗(yàn)板進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)·······································································50
3.4 實(shí)例 7：通過對 P3 口地址的操作流水點(diǎn)亮 8 位 LED ····································50
3.4.1 實(shí)現(xiàn)方法······································································