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本教材以無土栽培基本原理和方法為基礎(chǔ)采用工作過程系統(tǒng)化課程設(shè)計理念，將無土栽培技術(shù)分為認(rèn)識無土栽培、無土栽培植物生理基礎(chǔ)、營養(yǎng)液配制及管理技術(shù)、無土栽培固體基質(zhì)、無土育苗等10個項目。每個項目設(shè)若干任務(wù)，包含了無土栽培及其分類、植物生理基礎(chǔ)、營養(yǎng)液配制、固體基質(zhì)栽培、無土育苗、設(shè)施建造、設(shè)施及環(huán)境調(diào)控、果菜類蔬菜、葉菜類蔬菜、芽苗菜、果樹無土栽培、花卉無土栽培、家庭園藝無土栽培等典型工作任務(wù)。每個任務(wù)選擇無土栽培經(jīng)典項目和當(dāng)前最先進(jìn)的技術(shù)作介紹、選擇典型工作流程及方法，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行理論學(xué)習(xí)及技能訓(xùn)練。

This textbook is designed based on the cognitive and developmental patterns of students and incorporates the modern vocational education concept, which emphasizes a student-centered, competency-based, and industry-oriented approach. It fully reflects the direction of vocational education reform in the new era. The textbook is structured into 10 projects, covering the basic principles and methods of soilless culture and their practical applications in home gardening. It encompasses the learning process, starting with foundational theoretical knowledge and progressing to familiarity with the theory, skill training, mastering operational procedures, and acquiring practical skills. It strongly emphasizes integrating theory with practical application, and the content is organized in a practical, targeted, and operationally robust manner. The main features are as follows:
On the one hand, it firmly adheres to the correct political orientation and actively cultivates and promotes core socialist values. It considers moral education as a fundamental task and emphasizes the seamless integration of ideological and political education with professional knowledge. By implementing comprehensive education for college students in the new era and under the new circumstances, it aims to cultivate a new generation of agricultural professionals who are capable of shouldering the responsibility of national rejuvenation.
On the other hand, the content is determined based on the professional competency requirements of soilless culture. It adheres to the principle of providing a balanced and adequate amount of theory while highlighting vocational skills and strengthening practical components. The textbook incorporates new knowledge, technologies, processes, and skills in the field of soilless cultivation. It follows a task-based curriculum structure, including project introduction, learning objectives,
pre-class preparation, task implementation, project summary, skill training, and extension tasks. Through comprehensive and integrated actions, students learn how to learn, think critically, and master skills, embodying the concept of developing high-quality technical and skilled talents in higher vocational education.
The publication of this textbook has been supported by the Second Batch of National Vocational Education Teaching Innovation Team Research Projects(Project No.: ZH2021100201), the Jiangsu Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project(Project No.: 2023JSJG539), and the Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Colleges and Universities.
Due to the limitations of the editors expertise and time constraints, there may be inadequacies or omissions in the textbook. We wholeheartedly welcome readers feedback, criticisms, and corrections.

Module 1 Introduction to Soilless Culture …………………………………… 1
Task 1 Soilless Culture and Its Classification ………………………………… 2
Task 2 Characteristics of Soilless Culture …………………………………… 9
Skill Training 1-1 Investigation on Types of Soilless Culture ……………… 11
Module 2 Basis of Plant Physiology of Soilless Culture ………………… 13
Task 1 Structure and Function of the Plant Root System ………………… 14
Task 2 Nutrient Elements Needed by Plants ……………………………… 18
Task 3 Nutritional Diagnosis of Plants …………………………………… 20
Skill Training 2-1 Observation of Nutrient Deficiency Symptoms of
Soilless Culture Plants …………………………………… 28
Module 3 Nutrient Solution Formulation and Management Techniques … 33
Task 1 Composition of Nutrient Solution ………………………………… 34
Task 2 Formulation of Nutrient Solution…………………………………… 43
Skill Training 3-1 Formulation of Nutrient Solution ……………………… 49
Module 4 Solid Substrate for Soilless Culture …………………………… 57
Task 1 Effect and Physicochemical Property of Solid Substrate…………… 58
Task 2 Classification and Characteristics of Solid Substrates ……………… 68
Task 3 Examples of Solid Substrate Selection …………………………… 69
Task 4 Disinfection and Replacement of Solid Substrates ………………… 82
Skill Training 4-1 Determination of Physicochemical Property of Solid
Substrate………………………………………………… 85
Skill Training 4-2 Substrate Mixing and Disinfection……………………… 87
Module 5 Soilless Seedling Culture Technique ………………………… 90
Task 1 Sowing and Seedling Raising in Soilless Seedling Culture………… 91
Task 2 Management of Soilless Seedling Culture ………………………… 110
Skill Training 5-1 Soilless Seedling Culture of Vegetables ……………… 126
Module 6 Construction and Management of Soilless Culture
Production Facilities ……………………………………………… 129
Task 1 Construction and Management of Deep Flow Hydroponic
Facilities …………………………………………………………… 130
Task 2 Construction and Management of Nutrient Film Hydroponic
Facilities …………………………………………………………… 146
Task 3 Construction and Management of Spray Culture Facilities………… 161
Task 4 Construction and Management of Solid Substrate Culture
Facilities …………………………………………………………… 172
Skill Training 6-1 Construction of Deep Flow Hydroponic Facilities …… 213
Skill Training 6-2 Construction of Nutrient Film Hydroponic
Facilities………………………………………………… 215
Skill Training 6-3 Construction of Trough Facilities ……………………… 218
Skill Training 6-4 Construction of Rock Wool Culture Facilities ………… 221
Module 7 Soilless Culture Protection Facilities and Environmental
Control …………………………………………………………… 225
Task 1 Selection of Protection Facilities …………………………………… 226
Task 2 Temperature Regulation and Control Technique…………………… 243
Task 3 Light Regulation and Control Technique…………………………… 251
Task 4 Humidity Regulation and Control Technique ……………………… 257
Task 5 CO2 Regulation and Control Technique …………………………… 261
Task 6 Integrated Intelligent Regulation and Control Technique
of Facility Environment …………………………………………… 267
Skill Training 7-1 Fertilization with CO2 Fertilizer………………………… 275
Module 8 Examples of Soilless Culture Production……………………… 281
Task 1 Fruit Vegetables …………………………………………………… 282
Task 2 Soilless Culture of Leaf Vegetables………………………………… 295
Task 3 Sprout Vegetables ………………………………………………… 312
Task 4 Soilless Culture of Fruit Trees ……………………………………… 318
Task 5 Soilless Culture of Flowers ………………………………………… 337
Skill Training 8-1 Nutrient Film Culture Technique of Mizuna …………… 379
Skill Training 8-2 Soilless Culture of Strawberries………………………… 381
Skill Training 8-3 Root Restriction Soilless Culture of Grapes …………… 382
Module 9 Plant Factory……………………………………………………… 385
Task 1 Basic Concepts and Meanings of the Plant Factory………………… 386
Task 2 Processes and System Composition of the Plant Factory ………… 389
Task 3 Environmental Regulation in the Plant Factory …………………… 398
Task 4 Typical Cases of the Plant Factory ………………………………… 407
Module 10 Application of Soilless Culture Techniques for
Home Gardening ……………………………………………… 414
Task 1 Introduction to Soilless Culture for Home Gardening……………… 415
Task 2 Main Forms of Soilless Culture for Home Gardening……………… 419
Task 3 Daily Management of Soilless Culture in Home Gardening ……… 427
Skill Training 10-1 Crystal Mud Culture of Flowers ……………………… 439
Appendixes …………………………………………………………………… 444
References …………………………………………………………………… 452

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